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Artificial Lighting on the Circadian Cycle of the Urban Ecosystem
Eduardo Linhares Qualharini
D.Sc., Eng., Prof. COPPE/FAU/EE-UFRJ
Caixa Postal 68 529, RJ/RJ. Brasil CEP 21 945-970. Tel/Fax; +55 21 260 1092
Márcia Motta Pimenta Velloso
M.Sc.,Physicist, Prof. UFF/ Doctorate student COPPE-UFRJ
Rua Toulouse Lautrec, 120, Niterói/RJ, Brasil. CEP 24.322-120 Tel/Fax: +55 21 616 1781, velloso@nitnet.com.br,
Orlando Nunes Cosenza
Ph.D.,COPPE/UFRJ - Programa de Engenharia de Produção
Caixa Postal 68.512, RJ/RJ. Brasil. CEP 21.945-970
Abstract
The advent of efficient and economically viable artificial illumination has permitted expansion of working hours and consequently has amplified the hours of vigil in a continually expanding process. Thus the influence of artificial lighting on circadian cycles of urban ecosystems has become an object of study. Our aim is to obtain conditions that minimise the deleterious effects without eliminating the advantages obtained by artificial lighting.
This paper analyses the necessities and expectations of the population where they want public lighting on their street, district and city, and was done using a modified priority matrix technique. The methodological contents uses as basis the qualitative forecasting method, in which is used a priority matrix and applied on groups of non specialists in meetings, in order to obtain a hierarchy between the different alternatives. To guarantee the aim of this work our proposal was to hear a relatively large number of people. Instead of working with a selected group and a co-ordinator, we developed a questionnaire which was possible to distribute and afterwards be collected comprising the most heterogeneous universe possible. Thus we transformed the standard questionnaire (matrix) to a cursive form, taking care not to induce answers, facilitating and speeding the fulfilment, as well as the data treatment.
The questionnaire was elaborated through informal and verbal questions made to a group of non specialists about the aspects which most calls their attention when public lighting is changed, we obtained the alternatives which will be analysed: beauty, intensity, and functionality. The criterias comfort, safety, environmental impact, and costs were assumed by us taking in account our final aim.
At the end of this work we will have the clients voice, with the conclusions which will tell us the order of precedence of the available alternatives, and shed light over the influence of artificial lighting on the circadian cycle of the urban ecosystem.
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